Saturday, 8 December 2007

Property predictions ' 2007

According to Nationwide, UK house prices dropped 0.8% in November after a surprise rise of 1.1% in October. Mortgage approvals also slumped to 88,000 in the month, the lowest level since 2005 and down from 109,000 the in October. Undoubtedly the property market has now dramatically slowed. Five interest rate hikes and the uncertainties around the US and UK credit crunch have taken their toll. Things are not likely to improve for some time. Most people expect prices to stagnate but the doom-mongers are out in force and many people are again talking of a house price crash.

In the last few years, we have been advising investors to buy in London – prices have risen 25% in the last two years and ca. 50% in the West End. But we now do not see any significant growth in 2008. There are risks of a fall in prices - so for new investors, now is not the time to buy. For established investors with much equity and cash, bargains could be available in the next few months as the market cools further.

We do not expect a crash for the following reasons:

  • Shortage of supply – this is an underlying trend and it's not likely to go away with an expanding population, smaller families, more singles and people's continued aspirations to live in a home, many on their own. We believe 300,000 new homes need to be built per year to keep up with demand, with the biggest demand being in London and southern England, but only 200,000 are being built, mostly in other parts of the UK.
  • Employment – unemployment has remained stable a 5.4% - barring a recession, this should protect against too many distressed households.
  • Interest rates – these are likely to begin dropping either early December or more likely in January 2008. A 0.25% drop is likely in the next three months, with another 0.25% drop in mid 2008. This should ease household finances – the Bank of England cannot afford to see a wholesale house price crash – so expect them to react to house prices like they have done when prices have been rising strongly.
  • Inflation despite record oil prices close to $100/bbl, inflation (measured in CPI) has remained remarkably low. This allows room to drop interest rates.
  • GDP – this is expected to slow to 2% or slightly below in 2008 and will further encourage the Bank of England to drop rates, which should in turn help support house prices.
  • Sterling – the pound is likely to drop as oil prices rise and interest rates come down slightly – this should increase manufacturing competitiveness boosting exports and manufacturing jobs, but the threat is increased inflation. As long as inflation remains in control and wage inflation subdued as it currently is, Sterling will probably correct against the Euro and possibly against the Dollar though this should not unduly affect property prices.
  • Immigration – record levels of inward migration is boosting the UK's population and keeping wage inflation lower than it normally would be – both these boost property prices and should help prevent a fully fledged crash.
  • Tax – the flat capital gains tax change to 22% should positively impact the market and increase returns for investors.

We expect the GDP in northern parts of the UK and the Midlands to drop to 1% whilst London will continue to motor along at about 2.5%. The lack of new public sector jobs and pressure on manufacturing will suppress property prices in these northern areas. The population is growing at a slower pace, less services jobs are available and it's easier to build new homes – so the north should feel the effects of the interest rates more than the south. This is why we were not surprised to see the recent Rightmove.co.uk report which showed London prices rising 2.3% in a month whilst all other areas saw falls of up to 2%.

The wild card continues to be the oil prices – and as we have so often predicted, we believe it will end 2008 at $125/bbl. The big unknown is whether this will affect inflation – it seems rising from $20/bbl to $95/bbl has had no appreciable affect on longer term inflation, so we are now thinking that a rise to $125/bbl may not be a tipping point. If you are concerned about oil prices, you'd better read all our special reports on the subject.

As a reminder, we enclose our ranked list of the best towns and cities to invest in – the top two are both exposed positively to higher oil prices:

Highest growth

  1. London
  2. Aberdeen (oil town)
  3. Cambridge
  4. Reading
  5. Bristol
  6. Brighton
  7. Plymouth
  8. Portsmouth
  9. Southampton
  10. Manchester
  11. Leeds
  12. Bradford
  13. Chester
  14. Glasgow
  15. Oxford
  16. Edinburgh
  17. Leicester
  18. Liverpool
  19. Derby
  20. Birmingham
  21. Middlesboro
  22. Hull
  23. Nottingham
  24. Newcastle

Lowest Growth

So all investors – be careful – make sure you have enough cash to weather some rough times and be on the lookout for bargains from distressed sellers. Some people simply have to move to a new location of work or move because of divorce or other problems, so do not underestimate how much reduction you could get if you are able to move quickly and have proper financing in place. For the less wealthy investors – it's probably best to hold fire for now and monitor the market. For the first time buyer – best not enter the market just at this time for fear of immediately running into negative equity.

But remember, if we'd all listened to those Chicken Little's who predicted a house price crash back in 2001, we'd have missed out on a doubling and in some casing trebling of house prices. Confidence has been shaken and prices can go in both directions, so it's up to you to judge whether you want to enter this market and seek out bargain, or sell your portfolio because you are so spooked. But the wealthiest investors normally buy on a low and hold – Warren Buffet being the classic example – of a disciplined value investor. We can try and follow his tenants. But don't expect to make serious money unless you risk at least some of your hard-earnt cash.

Oil Prices Continue to Skyrocket

On 14 th August when oil prices were at $70 / bbl – we predicted oil prices would rise to $125 / bbl by end 2008. They almost touched $100/bbl end November before easing back to $90/bbl. We have written ten special reports on this topic – we suggest all serious property investors should read these report that have taken years of analysis and insights to prepare:

In these reports, you'll find, for free, all you need to know about how to make serious money from the predicted boom in oil prices. The analysis of all producing oil nations has taken years to prepare and we finally think we've cracked it. The results shows that we are now on a rolling plateau production rate, meanwhile demand is increasing by 1.3 million barrels a year. We spotted this abnormality on 7th June 2007 and we now think prices will skyrocket. The opening gaps between oil supply and oil demand is a dangerous situation. OPEC meet early December and may very well communicate they will increase supply by 0.5 million bbls oil per day. But it's too little too late. Any increase in oil supply will likely be lower value high sulphur heavy crude. When the markets finds out that the global oil producers cannot increase production any further, there will be a mother of all oil price hikes. So be prepared. And don't say we didn't warn you!

This analysis is underpinned by our unique oil production mathematical model which forecasts every country's production up until 2015 and it does not make very pleasant reading. As already described – production is on a plateau and has been on plateau since October 2005. This is why prices are rising. But many in the market mistakenly believe there is more oil out there that can be switched on – it's not going to happen. The plateau could be long and undulating, but we believe everyone is more or less pumping at their maximum. So for the property investor:

  • do not purchase property in far off places which take a tank full of gas to reach – this includes suburban homes with a very long daily commute to work centres
  • be careful about purchasing holiday homes in places that need a 10 hour flight to reach (stay within 2-3 hour flight radius from major population centres)
  • be careful not to purchase huge fuel inefficient homes in cold climates requiring much heating oil, gas or electric
  • the lowest risk options are city central quality apartments close to services jobs
  • consider purchasing property:
  • in oil, coal, gas and mining boom towns (refer to the above special reports)
  • close to oil company and oil services company offices
  • in areas positively affected by renewable energy developments – solar, wind, hydro-electric, low energy conservation centres.

For US investors the best places to invest in the USA to take advantage of the oil boom are:

  • Wyoming – Green River area for the coal boom
  • Western Colorado – oil shale potential future boom area
  • Texas – Houston, and Dallas-Irving-Fort Worth – oil/gas HQs and technical services centres
  • New York City – oil/gas/energy trading
  • Oklahoma – ethanol from corn and some old oil/gas wells

The USA has more coal than any other country in the world. So it seems clean coal technology with electricity to automobiles (electric cars) will be a key future response to dwindling oil (and gas) supplies.

As we predicted, Houston has done well in the last few years to weather any downturn in the real estate market and we expect this to continue. But be very careful not to purchase property more than a 30 minute auto commute to a city centre – when oil prices skyrocket, people will want to move into the cities to reduce their fuel bills. Outlying suburban areas will suffer. An extreme example is – don't buy a large detached suburban house 80 minutes commute to downtown Detroit. The gasoline guzzling car plants will close. No-one will be able to afford to commute or heat a huge house in the cooler north. You would be better off buying a downtown apartment in the oil capital of the USA – Houston, which will benefit from the high oil prices that in turn will destroy the gas guzzling autos.

US Market Update

The US real estate market continues to be in a distressed and depressed position in most states. However, the market varies – the US is such a huge market – some areas are still rising but overall the situation looks fairly bleak. We believe the extent of the unraveling of the sub-prime woes is about 45% complete. In Spring 2008 we will be past the peak of the rates resetting and by September 2008 most of the resetting will have unraveled. Until then, expect a bumpy ride with continuous negative headlines and some banks getting into trouble and writing down bad debt. The problem emerged in the open in July – it's now December so quite some time has now passed.

[Reset]US homes prices have been most negatively affected in areas away from cities where prices shot up the most. Examples are holiday areas in California and Florida. But closer scrutiny of the numbers identified that cities like Miami and Detroit actually saw prices rise slightly in the last quarter. Prices in large cities like New York and Los Angeles are fairly stable. Prices in Texas have been robust and in most areas rising. Prices in remoter areas with less service industries and more manufacturing and agriculture have generally dropped back. It's difficult to generalize but it does not look like a full scale meltdown. Although everyone talks about the US housing bubble and it's bursting, prices rose by a relatively modest (in global terms) 50% in five years up until early 2007. It's difficult to see how prices could crash and burn when home prices came from a low base.

The US population has risen from 150 million in 1950 to 300 million today. The population is projected to rise to 450 million by 2050. This implies 75 million new homes will be required. The fastest growing areas are Nevada, Arizona, Texas, California and Florida – see our special reports for more details. So in these areas where land shortages occur, it is likely prices will recover and move far higher in years to come. One can expect a period of stagnation for a few years then prices in these areas will again rise. California should also follow suit as the population in this state is also increasing and it's difficult to see where all the new homes will be build with increasing environmental restrictions coming into force. Ditto Florida. And remember the wave of aging babyboomer that will start retiring this year, peaking in 2016. These people will want to move to the sand, sea, surf and cultural centres. This is why we have a long term view that coastal Florida, California and culturally interesting places like Austin in Texas and Sante Fe in Utah will continue to see prices rising after a few years.

But be careful investing in oil intensive areas like Detroit and Cleveland. These cities are far too reliant on the auto-industry and the increase in oil prices will hit them hard. But Houston will prosper along with the new energy corridor of western Colorado, Wyoming and NE Utah – areas expose to coal, oil shale and coal-bed methane and closer to the Oil Sands projects of Alberta in Canada.

 

European Mainland

Property prices have risen dramatically in the last seven years as interest rates have remained low and inflationary pressures subdued. The GDP of Europe has averaged around 2% for the last few years. But Euro area asset prices are likely to come under pressure as evidenced by price drops in Ireland this year. It's late in the party and we would steer clear of faltering economic area exposed to high oil prices such as Italy, Portugal and Greece. Southern Spain and southern France will likely see prices continue to increase led by wealthy people migrating to these area and setting up businesses – populations in areas like Perpignan, Toulouse, Sete and Montpellier in France and Marbella, Malaga and Valencia in Spain are increasing - investment levels remain robust. Wealthy retiring northern European baby-boomers will also support this market.

Germany is an interesting market but it's difficult to judge whether it's best to invest in previously depressed cities like Berlin and eastern Germany where asset prices are very low priced, or areas like Munich in the wealthy south which have very high property prices. Our gut tells us, that Munich and the south is the better place because of the booming services business, pleasant climate, local wealth, central position and booming banking and high-tech businesses. But it's not an obviously a high return area and Germany has suffered in the last 15 years compared with countries like UK and Ireland because of the excessive regulation and high cost of labour. Undoubtedly a pleasant place to live, but it is difficult to see high investment returns. Yes, yields for rental property are high in northern and eastern Germany, but asset prices are unlikely to boom.

The new European Union entrants Romania and Bulgaria remain very interesting. We expect the markets to cool in the next year, but property prices in good locations in the capital cities of these two countries should continue to boom as long as their economies continue to be managed affectively. There has been a brain drain away from Romania and Bulgaria to places like the UK and Ireland in the last few years, but eventually these people will return flush with cash and want to purchase property in the capital cities Sophia and Bucharest, as well as nice farm houses in the best areas. So we expect prices to double or more in Romania in the next ten years. One just needs to be very careful with the legal, tax side and make sure one does not get ripped off!

Bratislava – the capital of Slovakia is another gem. It's only 60 km from Vienna and cross border trade is increasing rapidly. Austrian property prices have also risen by about 10% in the last year. We expect Bratislava prices to normalize towards Vienna prices in future years. It's very central and the flat tax regime plus car plants on Slovakia have helped the economy enormously – worth checking out for all those exploratory investors in Europe. Another interesting option is ski villas in the High Tratras mountain – a booming ski centre – though one needs to research the affects of global warming since the snow might become rare in future years. But still a beautiful scenic area for holidays years round.

Monday, 25 June 2007

UK PROPERTY Market Update

 

Fizzling out in the summer: Just like last year and the year before, the heat in the property market has started to fizzle out early May. In the last five years, the customary spring market has been getting earlier and earlier. Followed by summer cooling. There are a number of reasons for this

  • the property market is being driven more by city bonuses in London and provincial cities - the expectation of bonus payments has made the more competitive minded investor start looking earlier to prevent being caught up in a hot market.
  • the stock market tends to do well from November to mid May then cool or go into reverse during the summer months – this knocks confidence.
  • GDP, employment and manufacturing levels are higher in the October to May periods – creating confidence early in the year that peters out when the economy slows mid year.

Interest rates have risen to 5.5% and there is at least one more rise anticipated as early as this month, with the possibility of a further rise of 6% by year end. This should cool the property market significantly moving towards the end of the year.

But bonuses back on the horizon: In London and SE England, again, a wall of bonus money like no year before will be hitting the streets starting January 2008 and ending May 2008. This should revitalize the SE and southern English property markets. Other financial centres such as Edinburgh, Leeds and possibly Manchester and Glasgow will also benefit this wall of money. Most people receiving big bonuses have much net worth and equity held in property, so a few ¼ point rises in interest rates should not unduly affect them. So prices in the most select areas of London, Leeds , Edinburgh and Manchester will likely continue to rise. Belfast will also continue to perform well because it is still playing "catch up" from years of underinvestment and low confidence levels during the troubles. So do not be surprised to see prime central London property prices continue to drive forwards into 2008. Central/West London areas popular with the most wealthy international professionals and investors are likely to go up the most – Chelsea, Kensington, Mayfair, Soho, Bloomsbury, Hampstead, Notting Hill and Bayswater are examples.

Bonuses in the USA: The same is true of New York, Massachusetts, Boston and parts of California (LA, San Francisco San Fernando). The Dow Jones has reached record highs, M&A activity has been good and global business is doing well. New York has lost some ground to London, but global finance has performed well so far in 2007. Hence these city bonuses will arrive Jan 2008 to May 2008 and generally be heading for the best areas of NE USA and California. Do not be surprised to see property prices in such areas growing in early 2008. Some Euro and £ Sterling investment may also be taking place because of the weak dollar.

 

Mediocre Midlands: Average suburban areas in regions not affected by city bonuses and holiday home investments are likely to see prices stagnate – examples are most of the Midlands, and many northern areas, and remote parts of Wales and East Anglia. Areas exposed to manufacturing and public sectors will show less growth than areas exposed to services sectors. The south-west would likely escape a severe slowdown because of its popularity with wealthy people working in London (second homes, holiday homes, buy-to-let investment property).

Cornwall : This is an interesting market – the county has the highest projected population growth of any county in the UK yet barely any homes are being built because of planning and environmental constraints. Despite having about the lowest affordability ratio between local earned income and house prices, it's likely prices will continue to move higher because of influxes of telecommuters and retiring baby-boomers in the next 5-10 years. This once depressed corner of England – which suffered from the collapse of tin mining and agricultural jobs in the 1960s to early 1980s is now booming in towns like Truro and Falmouth. We can't see any house price crash in Cornwall, or similar select localities in southern England.

UK Economics Laid Bare

With inflation running at 2.8%, GDP growth motoring onwards at 2.7% (4.0% in London, down from 4.4% earlier this year), employment at record levels and wage growth in the 4.0% to 4.4% range in 2007, the economy shows no signs of falling into stagnation or recession. This should support house prices – if any correction is due, it is likely to be in the 5-10% range rather than a fully fledged crash (say 30%). So far in UK history it is unheard of to have a crash without a recession. However, inflationary pressures have been building and the predicted drop in the inflation rate to below 2% has now shifted from later in 2007 to mid 2008 according to the Bank of England forecasts. Oil prices remain a concern – these have risen from 53$/bbl earlier this year to $66/bbl in May. Tensions in Iran (threat of the closure of the strategic Straits of Homez because of Iran 's nuclear testing programme) remain a concern – because any big hike in oil prices would immediately feed through to inflation and cause interest rates to rise significantly.

Meanwhile, the EU economy also motors onwards at 2.7% GDP growth and generally lowering unemployment – the European economy is now growing faster than the US economy whose economy has cooled to 2.3% GDP growth for 2007. China's economy is fast expanding at 11% (higher than the ten year average of 9.5%) and this has become the prime global growth engine as the US economy has cooled. Overall, the economic environment looks healthy and benign with no discernable threat of recession. It would need a trigger like a financial market collapse in a G7 county, war and/or oil price spike above $100/bbl to create such a recession. It looks unlikely, but eyes should watch whether USA achieves its expected "soft landing" and the Iran tensions subside – with oil prices remaining below $70/bbl. We'll keep you posted, but so far it does not look like the right conditions in the UK or the USA for a big property price market correction.

Business Cycles

Those people with long memories or interest in history will note that in the UK (and many parts of Europe and USA ), there have been recessions or severe economic slowdowns in:

  • 1971 (oil price shock)
  • 1981 (oil price shock)
  • 1991 (monetary shock)
  • 2001 (dotcom bust and 9/11)

We are now motoring away in 2007 and all looks rosy. We may be mid cycle, heading towards the end of another ten year cycle. Pressures are undoubtedly building with inflation, oil prices and commodities shortages. The UK and US babyboomers are aging and are likely to start re-trenching (likely the Japanese did in the 1990s) – our prediction is by around 2012 these boomers will start to reign in spending. Stock markets have had a long bull run from their lows of 2002, so risks have increased. It's not likely to look much better than this.

The experts will say, whenever it looks great, benign and stable, the whole lot starts to wobble. So do not be surprised if we get a shock any time from now until 2012. It only takes someone to close the Straits of Homez to create a global oil crisis and for the whole lot to start heading to recession. So our advice is, stay alert to the risks for your property investments. Do not ever think it can't get worse. But remember – if you know your business well – and you can take managed risks – you will make money in any business climate. Try and avoid paying prices at the top of the market. Don't ever get arrogant or "take your eye off the ball". Don't believe you are an expert. But focus on what you know best – if this is council flats in Liverpool and you know how to make money from them, then focus on this. Become a master at it. Use your intuition and knowledge, plus social and economic trends, to give yourself insights into whether a market in an area has reached its peak. Don't over-extend. Don't pay more than you have to. Watch your cash-flow like a hawk. They say to make a million is easy, but keeping it is the tough bit.

Boom towns around the world

For the adventurous and international property investor, we can provide some interesting insights into the current boom towns. Many of these cities are little heard of. Many are booming because of mining, oil and extractive industries. Quite some research has gone into preparing this list for our website visitors. The main sector themes cities where oil, mining or financial services have been very strong – there are no indications this will change in the next few years. Many analysts believe we are in the middle of a commodities "super-cycle". The reason is because of China and India 's appetite for raw materials, global population growth and the European and USA's continued reliance on these same raw materials. Other boom towns are tourist related – others a combination oil, financial services and tourism (e.g. London). But one thing is for sure - in all these cities and areas – populations are increasing, jobs are being created and not enough homes are being built. The ideal combination for property prices to rise.

  • Green River Wyoming – coal mining
  • Limpopo Mpumalanga Rustenburg – Rep South Africa – platinum and chrome mining
  • Houston – global oil & gas services
  • Macao – gambling, tourism
  • St Petersburg – oil & gas, tourism, finance
  • Moscow – oil & gas, tourism, finance
  • London – financial services, wealth management, M&A
  • Bratislava Slovakia – low cost proximity to Vienna, E Europe boom
  • Warsaw Poland – EU integration, low cost, increasing wealth
  • Muscat – oil & gas, tourism
  • Luanda Angola – oil development
  • Doha Qatar – gas developments
  • Mongolia – mining, proximity to China
  • Dubai UAE – oil, financial services, tourism
  • Cape Town Rep South Africa – tourism
  • Fort McMurray & Calgary Canada – oil sands developments
  • Aberdeen Scotland – international oil & gas services
  • Stavanger Bergen & Kristiansen Norway – oil and gas operations
  • Bangalore India – IT/call centres/communications/services
  • Mumbai India – financial services, manufacturing
  • Guangdong province, China – global manufacturing
  • Shanghai, China – financial services, manufacturing, export
  • Beijing China – public sector, services
  • Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam – manufacturing and services
  • Buenos Aires Argentina – business and services
  • Cairo Egypt – regional business centre

As advised on our website, if one has a combination of:

  • Increasing population
  • Increasing employment
  • Increasing business (GDP growth)
  • Increasing wages
  • Low levels of home building
  • Low reliance on imported oil and gas
  • Low interest rates
  • Low inflation
  • Exposure to financial services sector
  • Land shortage and/or environmental constraints

This powerful combination will lead to booming property prices.

Norway : If one uses these criteria for cities like Bergen in Norway it's difficult to see how prices would not continue rising. London is the same – it's also a global centre of oil and commodities financing and re-investment of proceeds from the extractive industries that are booming. Moscow is similar albeit more regional in its sphere of influence.

 

South Africa : Localized gems occur such as Rustenburg to the west of Pretoria in South Africa. The population is booming as 25,000 new jobs are being created in the expanding platinum and chrome mines. Pretoria is also worth considering with its access to Johannesburg government employment – it is the regional centre of the Bushveld Complex of minerals and mines, with most mines within a 100 km radius of the city.

Canada : Fort McMurray in NE Alberta, Canada is booming oil town. A huge wave of new jobs have been created in the oil sands business – accommodation is desperately short and rentals are in big demand. Many billions of dollars are being invested to grow oil sands production – in part because this makes the USA less reliant on overseas imports. This is something not likely to go away – hence Fort McMurray will likely see prices booming into the future. Calgary the centre and HQ of the Canadian oil & gas business is another booming town – and a pleasant place to live as well. The creation of new oil and gas jobs and wealthy retiring oil workers will likely support prices into the next decade.

USA : The Green River area of Wyoming is another gem – who would believe that in 2007, a boom is taking place in a coal mining area in the USA? This part of the world has more barrels of oil equivalent of hydrocarbons (locked up in coal) than Saudi Arabia and Russia combined. The USA will never be short of fuel for electric power station because some of these coal seams are 50 metres thick and mines are open-cast and of the highest quality anthracite coal. Huge wealth is being created as production is increased and this is supporting rentals and property prices in this remote area of the USA.

Mongolia : Mongolia is another gem – yes, this area is booming. The reason is its minerals mining. China is desperate for its products and there is a property boom to match the mining boom. It's not likely to go bust unless China's economy goes bust – something most unlikely in view of the sustained 9.5% GDP average growth over the last ten years and China's hugely increasing middle classes and 1.2 billion population next door. Mongolia has also benefited from being next door to booming Russia and the Siberian oil and gas fields. Some gas pipeline projects run close by and as long as there is peace in the area, Mongolia's fundamentals and booming population look impressive.

Macao : Property prices have been booming for five years – massive investment in casinos and neighbouring China's booming economy, middle classes and interest in gambling has made Macao the rival of Las Vegas. Difficult to see this changing – all the money being made in manufacturing in southern China will benefit Macao – talk of Richard Branson investing in the area is interesting. He's well known for getting in early – the future looks bright for Macao.

Egypt : Cairo is an interesting city. Huge traffic jams everywhere, pollution, rumour has it the true population of Cairo conurbation is 25 million. No wonder the traffic never moves. This regional business centre has benefited from relative peace, expanding oil and gas businesses north and east, and a booming population. Property in the city centre for business people wanting to avoid the traffic jams is worth considering. Always at risk of instability but the city will likely further double in size over the next 50 years, making central property values increase.

Wealth and Amenities – the meaning of Location, Location, Location

London and New York – examples: Ever wonder why property in central London and Manhattan are so expensive? Because of wealth and amenities. The wealth is from businesses, private investors, shareholders and corporate headquarters – financial, banking, services jobs. But the reason why so many people want to pay huge prices for such property is because of the local amenities. Shops, theatre, trains, planes, work-offices, tubes/metro, roads, restaurants. Proximity to high paid jobs, where profits are made and a nice residential environment are key. So in London when you think of Mayfair it ticks all the boxes. So does Covent Garden. So does Kensington. But can prices in such areas go any higher? This depends on how successful the businesses close by are doing. London has been gaining relative ground on New York as a premier global financial centre – in part because it is less regulated and in part because of the huge wave of Middle Eastern, Asian and Africa money that has found its way to London – a truly cosmopolitan global city. So if you think global finance stimulated by China India and the Middle East will prosper, buying property in Mayfair could still be good value for money.

Other examples: This same model applies to other areas and cities. It's no good investing in a lovely Georgian Mansion in NW Scotland – it ranks low on almost all the above criteria. You won't find many millionaires wanting to live in the sticks – it's too far from where they like making money. And enjoying their money. So Monaco, Luxemburg, London, Stockholm, Helsinki, Geneva – they're full of wealthy people who want to be close to the best amenities. It's probably the case in Barcelona, Marbella, Miami, San Francisco and Shanghai – 'location, location, location', as they say. Never forget this. If you find a location very close to excellent amenities that you believe will have increasing numbers of wealthy residents and is under-valued, go for it! Some examples in London are:

  • Shoreditch
  • Bermondsey
  • Southern Hackney
  • Telegraph Hill - New Cross Gate
  • East Dulwich – Peckham borders
  • Battersea
  • Kennington - Vauxhall

Luxemburg - another good example: And remember our analysis of Luxemburg? No other European city has such an exciting combination of land shortage, population growth, massive wealth and GDP growth – a lovely city to live in – some of the most wealthy Europeans will want to a place in this city tax haven and financial wealth centre.

 

Disillusioned with "work"?: Ever feel like your current job is leading nowhere? Get frustrated with the lack of control you have over your life, work and your diary? Looking for an outlet? Then may be property investment is for you! Everyone needs a hobby to relieve themselves of the stress of work or daily drudgery. What better way than to indulge in something that makes you personal financial progress, gives you more financial control of your life, and let's you take your mind off the pressures of work. This is how many property investors first get started. Out of frustration and a feeling of drifting in their work lives, being over taxed and underpaid as an employee for their precious time. Disillusioned with pension and stock performance. Being tired of putting money into funds that other people (mis) manage. If this all sounds familiar, then this is likely the reason you have got to this stage in this newsletter. We sometimes have people ask us – "what sort of people come to your website" – it's pretty obvious when you see the name of the website. You would not be visiting if you were not interested in property investing. That is – making money from investing in property. It's not always easy, but we've not found any other better way to make serious money. Almost all financed by the banks. You leverage up your minimal amount of cash, using the bank's finances in order to exposure oneself to property – and if capital values go up, it's quite possible to double your cash in a year. There are few property investors that have not achieved this some time in their investing history. Many achieve it regularly – year-on-year. You won't find many advertising this fact though. Why should they? Most people don't like other people knowing how much money they have. The purpose of writing this closing contribution is to help you think about why you are investing in property. It's likely because you want to make serious money and it's probably because you enjoy it was well. So what an excellent combination. You like it and you make serious money out of it. If this is the case, best do more of it! And you might even consider doing it full time!

Sunday, 15 April 2007

Property Insights March 2007

 

More impartial, objective, practical advice and insights to help with your property investing. We aim to help you improve your investment performance - increase returns & lower risks. A million visitors to our website a year take advantage of our insights – can a million people be wrong? – we doubt it.

Ideas

PropertyInvesting.net are pleased to provide a list of property ideas – these have been compiled over the last 3 years. We hope they stimulate some good thoughts for your own investment plans. You might choose to rank them using your own criteria – to screen out the ones you are not so keen on. We hope you find these ideas valuable – if you have any comments on them, please contact us by send an email to enquiries@propertyinvesting.net . They may be particularly helpful for people who might struggle with ideas and are better at the implementation-action-execution of property ideas. We will provide further listings of ideas if you think these are helpful – please provide feedback if you do. And forward them to your friends or colleagues if they catch your imagination.

  • Invite a builder to do a deal on your property – cut of profits or provide incentive for low price building
  • Prepare a list of renovation ideas for your portfolio then rank them on value, cost, time
  • Provide bedsits for key workers or student houses anywhere where there is high yield e.g. Bradford, Woolwich, Plaistow, Kings Lynn
  • Start a land acquisition agency – using website
  • Buy a crescent flat in Buxton, Derbyshire – prices should rise strongly
  • Buy land at auction or an old house and demolish for land to build big new executive house
  • Get land and detailed planning permission for four – four story gated mews townhouses (with penthouse on top and terraces, do an off-plan development) – sell land with plans to developer
  • Buy low cost un-renovated central City studios, renovate in high quality bachelor pad then flip
  • Buy in Lille (High Speed One), Genoa (regeneration) and Prague (flats for £60,000, EU now joined)
  • Manage your property yourself – save 15% on rental income
  • Set up a trust fund for capital gains tax relief if you are an expatriate for 5+ years
  • Gift property to your children if you have >£350,000 equity in your home, particularly if you are over 65 years old
  • Specialize in high rental yield homes of multiple occupation - 4/5 bedroom London houses – make sure all tenants have jobs and good credit history.
  • By property in Bratislava (30 miles from Vienna ) and or Tatry Mts in Slovakia – boom area (low tax, car factories providing new employment)
  • By homes in Valencia – arts buildings/centre, architecture, night life, 3rd biggest Spanish city, new communications
  • By property in Costa Blanca - looks like weather almost as good as Costa del Sol (dry, warm in winter) but much cheaper
  • By property in Varna Bulgaria – has a nice beach, history, cheap villas and skiing 2 hours away – watch for expanding budget airline
  • Do rental deal with local council to provide bedsits for key workers
  • Buy land at the end of your garden – then build a house on it and sell – making serious profit
  • Convert all lofts into extra rooms or flats
  • Convert all basements into extra rooms or flats
  • Extend all houses to double the size
  • Build houses in the gardens of all detached properties with large gardens
  • Use low cost property websites to sell property – saving 1.5% of sale price
  • Buy house on corner plot, then build another house or extend to the side
  • Have a housewarming party in your garden – invite your neighbours – then try and do some property deals with your neighbours who have large gardens
  • Buy holiday home in Slovakia – cheap for summer breaks and very low priced
  • Consider buying in Biarritz SW France – could be good holiday option (check flight costs etc) – nice food, weather okay, and up-and-coming
  • Invest in property in Newquay, Cornwall – Rick Stein further north in Padstow, new Duchy Poundsbury, Fistral Surf Centre, rail investment, airport, Eden close by, baby boomers retiring and middle class surfing (boogie boards and better wet suits)
  • Move to Slovakia to avoid tax – flat 22% tax rate and no capital gains tax on UK property sales after about 5 years
  • Get grant from local council to build affordable homes
  • Consider moving abroad for periods to maintain offshore tax status – and hence reduce 40% capital gains tax liability on sales
  • Buy coastal bungalow, knock down, build on same floor plan with cellar, big dormer roof and attic rooms – build then sell on (or sell with plans attached)
  • Do deals with a local architect
  • Set up property consultancy and company to leverage your property skills and develop your passion – try to not do joint ventures (hence maintain control)
  • Buy a farm just south-west of Calais in the hills close to the Eurostar (High Speed One) train station – could be new commuting area for London after 2010
  • Buy in Bradford – fast growing property prices from low base (prices have doubled since 2002 and will likely rise with its proximity to Leeds )
  • Consider buying land for a cemetery in UK in a nice location – there is a shortage.

The UK Budget

Nothing too shocking for the property investor in the budget. If anything, unlike last years SIPPs U-turn, this budget quietly gave some tax benefits to buy-to-let investors. For both UK and overseas property, you will now only be taxed on actual rental income instead of "intended" rental income (or the rental income of the tenancy contract). Hence if you have empty properties, you tax bill will be reduced. Also, for higher rate income tax earners, the new 20% banding (reduced from 22%) will be benefit since rental income is not subject to the increased national insurance payments on high income earners. For someone with a medium sized property portfolio earning about £44,000, this is likely to lead to a saving of some £1,500 per annum. It's probably an unintended consequence of fiddling with the national insurance and income tax rates (22 to 20% and scrapping the 10% bracket) – but all the same, every little bit helps.

UK Market Update

Rightmove reported a +0.9% rise in house asking prices in March in England and Wales. Highest increases were SE England (+2.1%), London (+1.8%), South-West (+1.9%), North (+2%) and West Midlands (+2%). Wales reported a drop of -0.3%. Prices in Southwark (+5%) and Lambeth (+4.1%) showed the biggest increase in London. Clearly the mini-boom continues though there are some early signs of a cool down. No sign of any crash as yet. The two recent interest rises to 5.25% seem to have had little impact as yet. It's likely rate rises will start to bite soon, particularly if rates rise to 5.5%. However, if and when they drop back again, it's likely to re-invigorate momentum. There could also be a shortage of homes on the market after June 1st 2007 when home information packs are introduced – some people think there will be a rush to sell properties before this date followed by a drought of properties for sale, because of the price of the HIPs. Read more ... in Special Report: 110: Which way the UK market - and why?

UK Interest Rates

CPI inflation is still 2.8%, predicted to drop to about 2% by year end. Oil prices have risen from $53/bbl to danger levels of $66/bbl. GDP is 0.7% in the last quarter – 2.7% in the last year. At midday Thursday 5th April, the Bank of England will announce their monthly interest rate decision. We put a 40% chance of a rise in April and a 40% chance of a rise in May. We think there is almost no chance of a rise in both months. We also think there is close to zero chance of a fall in interest rates in the next two months. So there is a very high chance in the next two months of a 0.25% rise – then likely staying at 5.5% for some months. Forward interest rate curves show 5.7% by end 2007 though these are normally 0.2% higher than actual levels. So expect 5.5% for the rest of 2007 in your cash-flow forecasts – we hope to see a 0.25% drop by year end, but it's looking less likely now oil prices have risen.

Trends - Continuing Housing Shortage

Our website has been predicting a housing shortage for many years now and it's absolutely no surprise that the cumbersome planning process, increasing environmental constraints and land shortages, along with robust economic growth and increasing population has led to a severe housing shortage, particularly in southern England. This will remain. Cornwall has the biggest percentage increase in population of any county in the UK, but there is almost no new building. So is it any wonder prices continue to spiral upwards? London's population is due to increase by 800,000 in the next ten years – with the average household having two people per home, the city needs 400,000 new homes. We cannot see these being built either now or in the next ten years. What's more, most people want to live in proper home – e.g. a house with a garden. There are very few detached houses with gardens being built. So there is an increasing shortage of reasonable sized family homes with a garage, garden and close to good schools in southern England .

The population of England is due to increase from 46 million in 1990 through 50 million in 2007 to 58 million by 2040. The population of Wales and Northern Ireland will also grow strongly (see chart). For England, this implies an extra 6 million new homes being built between 1990 to 2040 – that's about 120,000 net new homes a year (on top of the 20,000 that are demolished). We frankly cannot see such high building levels being sustained to keep up with demand. From 2007 onwards, it's equivalent to increasing the housing stock from 26 million to 30 million – just to keep up – an increase of 15%. It's like building four cities the size of Manchester (2 million each). Meanwhile – the number of homes per person increased from 0.32 to 0.43 from 1961 to 1997. If this trend continues, by 2020 we'll need 0.55 homes per person – this statistic alone implies an extra 40,000 homes will be required on top of the 120,000 – hence 185,000 homes a year including those to replace demolished buildings. This is even more properties required, 4.3 million new homes by 2030 – again, we cannot see this happening.

So those houses that are not "shoe-boxes" are likely to see prices escalating at a healthy pace in the next few years. Used flats and Victorian conversion flats will also do very well – because of the reduced size of most families and more single people living alone. Particular shortages will occur in areas where fast growing economic activity converges with a lack of land, historic and pleasant surroundings and population increase, with minimal building. Examples include:

  • Oxford
  • Cambridge
  • Brighton
  • London – West End ( Chelsea , Soho, Belgravia , Kensington)
  • London – west (e.g. Chiswick, Hammersmith)
  • Winchester
  • Guildford-Woking
  • Reading
  • Canterbury
  • Maidenhead
  • Bath
  • Gravesend- NW Kent (new High Speed One Station)
  • Truro
  • Exeter

Baby-boomers downsizing and buying city centre properties in historic Cathedral Cities will drive the demand for higher-end apartments and quiet period terraces in such locations. Proximity to London will be important for these people – the above locations are examples of such locations. Read more ... in Special Report: 122: UK trends in services and manufacturing - how can I benefit?

UK South Coast Benefits

As the wealthy baby-boomers start to retire (some semi-retire) after 2010, many will head for home at the seaside but still want to be close to their business contacts and networks. As the UK warms up (global warming) the south coast is likely to become a more bearable place to spend winters and summers are likely to be rather warmer and drier if you believe all the talk on this. As oil prices rises, taxes rise for travel and airports become more congested, the south England resorts are likely to gain in popularity – the novelty of overseas travel might even wear off for some. But the key reason why this area will stay popular is because most UK nationals will want to stay at home because this is where their friends, family, employment possibilities and investments are. A typical wealthy semi-retired baby-boomer is likely to have a property on the south coast, and spend time in London with old business contacts and fly out to the Alps for winter skiing and Spain or Cyprus for long summer holidays. They will not typically emigrate – because they'll see less of their families and friends and get bored quickly. So good quality coastal property in Southern England with a sea view and easy access to London will gain in popularity. Examples of good investment areas are:

  • Dorset: Poole, Swanage, Weymouth and westwards
  • Sussex : Brighton, Eastbourne, Hastings , Portsmouth harbour, Chichester
  • Hampshire: Bournmouth, New Forest
  • Kent : Folkestone, Ramsgate, Broadstairs
  • Cornwall: Penzance, Newquay, Truro , Rock, Helford River , Falmouth , Hayle, St Ives, Scilly Isles
  • Devon: Torquay, Exeter , Plymouth harbour, Mindhead, Branscombe, Clovelly
  • South Wales: Swansea , Gower, Barry, Pembroke, Tenby

Most of these towns face south making them warmer than they normally would be because they catch the sun. The sea keeps them warm in the winter and cool in the summer. In west Cornwall, temperatures are normally 3 or 4 degrees C higher than the Midlands in February. So if you can find large Victorian apartments with sea views or any home with a sea view and good aspect, it will likely rise in price more than average. It will also be easy to let out for holidays if it is in south-west England .

Some market analysis: just imagine you are a middle class baby-boomer living in London or the Midlands (the total population of this area is some 30 million people). You are now 50-60 years old. You have £200,000 of equity in your home. You are retiring in the next ten years. Where will you want to live – Birmingham, Croydon, Milton Keynes? No, however you will likely want to be within reach of your family, friends, and old business contacts and therefore you will not move permanently abroad. You will want to be close to the beach or nice market town, preferably in an area where the weather is warmer than most of the UK. So forget high house prices – many of these people will clamber to buy property in Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Hampshire, Sussex, Kent, coastal Essex, coastal Suffolk, Norfolk and coastal south Wales. The more wealthy may also have a pied-de-terre in London – as close as possible to the West End , Mid Town or City (e.g. Limehouse, Chelsea, Battersea, Kensal Green, Islington).

What we do know is there is very little building of new homes in Devon, Cornwall and the best coastal stretches of Dorset, Suffolk and Hampshire. So prices are almost certain to rise. It's simply supply and demand. And those doubting Thomas's that say "we'll all be moving abroad" – sorry, we just don't buy this. Reason – family, friends, part time employment and health care (and the TV, football and all the cultural aspects). Most of these retiring baby-boomers will end up putting up with the bad weather and traffic jams on the motorways – because they'll want to be close to their family and friends. So properties in Cornwall or Devon and the south coast seem good investments . Spanish options will also likely do okay, but if you buy property in the UK, you won't have to pay 13% purchase and sale commission every time you make a transaction. Stamp Duty is a pain, but it's nothing like commissions and taxes in places like Belgium and Spain, particularly on lower priced property.

From Repossessions to Buy-to-Let

The level of UK repossessions has risen significantly in the last year albeit from very low levels. But is this a serious issue? As interest rate rises have started to bite, in the lower priced areas where the lower income first time home buyer have overstretched themselves, there will be increasing levels of repossessions. In a normal market this might be a signal for house price to drop. But in the UK – it could be different this time. The reason is that many buy-to-let investors have very high net worth and cash reserves – and are likely to view these repossessions as opportunities to purchase property at below market value. So there will be a transfer of wealth from the distressed first time buyers to the large buy-to-let investors as some consolidation takes place. This type of consolidation is normal in business – the larger players who have the financial acumen, expertise and muscle will leverage their skills and help purchase property from distressed sellers that do not have these skills (otherwise they probably would not have got themselves into distress).

Because the population is rising, there is a housing shortage, employment remains strong, Gordon Brown has not hit investors with big tax hikes and the economy is strong – prices are not likely to drop but there will be more repossession opportunities. That said, the Banks need evidence (to prevent litigation) that the property has been properly marketed and is being sold at true market value – so repossessions do not come at a discount in the current market. The best repossessions are properties that look tatty and superficially ugly (rubbish lying everywhere) but just need a good decoration to bring them back to normality. These properties might sell for £20,000 below similar well decorated properties, but only need a £2,000 tidy up and paint job. It's important to see through the mess and look at the fabric of the property – imagine what it would look like if properly decorated. I've yet to view a repossession that was not messy and needed re-decorating – and hence they normally sell for considerably less than normal properties.

Major Development Areas

Areas with big construction projects, regeneration and new infra-structure normally rise in price at higher rates than more mundane suburban areas. In the south of England, there are some particularly important developments taking place which will transform the area – this is a list to highlight these for the canny investor.

  • Stratford Lower Lees Valley ( Olympics , High Speed One)
  • Kings Cross (High Speed One)
  • Gravesend-Ebbsfleet (High Speed One, regeneration)
  • White City ( Retail-Business Park )
  • Wembley (Stadium-leisure)
  • Greenwich peninsular (Housing)
  • Docklands – from Limehouse to Beckton (Offices, housing, regeneration)
  • Chiswick ( Business Park )
  • London Bridge (general activity)
  • Peckham (regeneration ongoing)
  • South bank (latter phases of regeneration – from Vauxhall to London Bridge )
  • Elephant & Castle (planned regeneration)

If you overlap all these development areas – it seems unlikely that places like Hackney Wick, Bow, Shoreditch , Canada Water, Stratford "village", Kings Cross and Borough will not see continued price movements higher. The 2012 Olympics, new High Speed One rail link, City Airport expansion and the sheer number of new higher paid jobs in the West End-City-Docklands corridor makes it a low risk investment area. We particularly like the area just south of Tower Bridge – prices drop quickly away from the Thames. The trick is to get a very well priced property as close to the river as possible but south of the river. All those city workers need crash pads somewhere – and this area of London, close to London Bridge railway station is becoming far more popular with the "city slicker" as years go by. If you can pick up a low priced flat just on the fringe of the main "building frenzy" prices will likely ripple out in the next few years. This zone started about ¼ miles south of the station. And remember, London Bridge is the site of the Glass Shard building planned to be London's tallest tower block, most likely to start construction shortly. This would add further kudos to the area – which benefits from Borough Market, the station (excellent communications), new offices, London Dungeons and proximity to the city.

Macao - China

Interested in investing in a boom town? Macao is as close as you will get. The city used to play second fiddle to Hong Kong before China took control in 1999. High crime levels in the decaying ex-Portuguese colony did not help its cause. Since 1999, the Chinese authorities have driven most of the violent crime away and cleaned up the gambling business. The city now takes more gambling revenues than Las Vegas. £20 billion is being invested in regenerating the city and building huge new gambling casinos. It's expected the revenues will double by 2012 – mainly through Chinese people visiting the city. Along with this many new developments are springing up and a property boom is well underway. It's still a demanding place to do business, but for the experienced international property investor, it's worth considering.

US sub-prime lending issue

During the US property boom in the last 10 years, many banks lent money to borrowers with poor credit histories . When interest rates were a mere 1% in early 2003, payments were easy for these people. However, as interest rates rose to 5% up to 2007, these borrowers have been progressively getting into problems with payments. Many have drifted into arrears and some have had their properties re-possessed or handed back the keys. The glut of property in the poorer areas in the USA have seen property prices reduce – these are generally also the areas where many homes have been repossessed. It develops into a downward spiral. About 15 banks lending to sub-prime borrowers have gone bankrupt. This has affected the confidence of the property market. Because most US areas have ample land and building programmes, there is no shortage of properties for sale. Hence, when repossessions hit the market they tend to have a proportionately large impact on prices. That said, in most US areas, prices in Q4 2006 were still rising and the recent problems seem to be isolated into lower price suburban areas – in the poorer neighbourhoods. It's likely interest rates may not drop which will give a welcome boost to the property market. But there is a chance the current problems could get significantly worse. For experienced property investors, this could be a very good opportunity to purchase properties at well below true market value from distressed sellers – of course this is not without its risks because there could be a wholesale meltdown, but it's frankly unlikely and confidence could well return next year as the economy continues to grow and jobs are created in most US regions.

Oil Price – watch out

As previously discussed, we are on a monitoring brief on oil prices. Any oil price over $70/bbl signals problems – high oil prices increase inflation, lead to interest rate rises and can precipitate house price falls. Oil price are hovering around $66 / bbl at present, just below danger levels. We will keep you regularly posted on oil price developments – there is a possibility because oil production levels may be peaking and demand is rising, the supply/demand imbalance may cause prices to rise significantly, particularly if there are global security tensions. 25% of world oil supplies come through the Straits of Homez between UAE and Iran – if this area is blocked or threatened for any reason, oil prices would sky-rocket and this could precipitate a house price crash. An unlikely scenario, but it is possible. Any oil price below $50/bbl would be most welcome for property investors. If you want to hedge your position, it's a good idea to invest in oil towns – more detail can be found in Special Reports 56: Sophisticated Investors Follow Value - property, oil/gas, ore and gems! and 104: Oil & Gas How can I benefit from the boom?.

South Africa

The Football World Cup is planned for mid 2010. There will be new stadiums built and big infra-structure improvements in Jo'burg, Cape Town and other cities. The confidence this event will bring to the country will be great and property prices will likely follow upwards in the lead up to 2010. Property prices have doubled in the last few years and are expected to moderate to about a 10% increase this year. However, as in all the most desirable global areas, some parts of South Africa are likely to beat the national average. Examples include:

  • Cape Town - Camps Bay , Bantry Bay , Seapoint, Cliftonville, Llandudno, Hout Bay , Wynburg
  • Jo'burg
  • Port Elizabeth (and the Garden Route to the west)
  • Durban

 

Wednesday, 7 February 2007

Property Insights newsletter - January 2007

UK Super Casino outcome

The outcome of the UK first super casino licence bid process was announced on Tuesday 31 st January - to everyone's surprise Manchester won the bid. It's likely the friction between the bids from Blackpool and London Greenwich had something to do with this - they both threatened the selection committee with legal action. Manchester has a large population within its catchment area and is a good regeneration location. Clearly it's come as very bad news for Blackpool and Greenwich. The area where the casino will be built - to the west of Manchester city centre close to the new Manchester City stadium - will undoubtedly experience a boost in property and land prices.

There is likely to be an immediate surge in house prices, though the jury is out on how much long term positive impact the super casino will have. There are likely to be 2700 new jobs and £275 million invested in the casino - but compared with the 30,000 jobs a year being created in London's financial centres, it is relatively small. It might help Manchester stake it's claim to be the UK's second city ahead of Leeds, Birmingham, Glasgow. Overall the announcement seems to have gone down fairly well with the neutral people - it is hoped it will regenerate a deprived area of the north-west. But for all those people thinking about visiting casinos - it's gambling - and investors know not to gamble - they make calculated risk based investments - no problem investing in property close to the casino - just don't visit it that's all.

Oil / Gas Price and Inflation

Spot wholesale gas prices have dropped to 22p/therm (from levels of 50 - 80p a year ago) because of a flood of imports from Norway and the warm weather. Meanwhile, oil prices dropped to $49/bbl in early January before rising to $58/bbl early February - well below the highs of $78/bbl last July. We anticipate gas prices to stay low but oil prices to rise slowly into the $60-70/bbl range in 2007. So the inflationary pressure has certainly eased from oil/gas prices - however, most retailers and manufacturers are using this easing to increase their margins and this is putting upward pressure on inflation.

The shock interest rate rise in early January was likely caused by severe unease at the CPI inflation rising to 3% (RPI was 4.4%) - very close to when the Bank of England Governor is obliged to write a formal letter explaining himself to the Chancellor. There are significant downside risks to inflation rising - though the minutes of the meeting gave some comfort to the more optimistic analysts that because the vote was 5:4 for an increase and all the normal internal banking hawks actually voted to hold rates, that there may not be a follow-up interest rate increase in early February. PropertyInvesting.net gives it a 50/50 chance of an increase in February - if no increase takes place in February, we give a 50/50 chance of a rise in March. After rising to 5.5%, we think there is a 50% chance we will have reached the top of the current interest rates cycle because inflation rates should - all being well - drop to 2% by about September 2007. (For more analysis - read our Special Report: Which way the UK Market and Why?)

Will 2007 see a crash like in 1990?

Abbey National recently commented that there were many similarities between the economies of 1990 and 2007 - after seven unbroken years of house price and economic growth, inflation rose to 7.5% in 1990 (interest rates to 15%) whilst in 2007 the RPI has increased to 4.4%. Margaret Thatcher lost power - as seems the likely fate of Tony Blair. However, there are some fundamental differences which should prevent a crash this time:

Globalization and the internet: have created great efficiency gains, cost reductions and reduced the pressure on inflation - India and China have helped enormously in providing cheap imports - manufacturing and distribution are now far more global with trade barriers dropping.

Population and GDP Growth: The UK, US, Chinese and Indian populations are growing at a fast rate - the younger workers provide the engine for continued growth. The use of technology and rapid transfer of innovation globally feeds through to greater wealth and this is driving up asset prices. Core inflation is low, but asset prices, company values, earnings are all growing rapidly. The Chinese economy has grown at 8-10% for the last 7 years - and India economy has grown at about 7-9% for the last 5 years - so why wouldn't their property prices rise by at least this amount each year to keep up with growth? The UK has grown at rates of 2-3% for the last 7 years - with earnings growth at 3.3 - 4.5% - again, no surprise house prices have risen significantly. Unemployment has dropped in almost all western countries in the last five years.

Easier Money: Easier access to borrowing and competitive mortgage rates with many different deals means it is now easier for people to borrow larger amounts to fund property purchase - how long this will last is debatable, but rather than three times earnings multiples we had in the 1980s, we now have 7 times earnings multiples in the UK.

High earnings: In most developed countries, earnings growth is running well ahead of core inflation - in the UK, earnings growth in 2006 was 4.4%, whilst CPI inflation was 2% - taxes have risen, but not enough to dent consumer confidence.

Not yet out of reach: Many people mention they cannot understand how young people can get into the housing market - the answer is, they get help from their parents. Years ago, with large families and small asset values, parents did not give help for deposits on mortgages. Nowadays, if someone downsizes from a house in London worth say £600,000 to a cottage for £400,000 - they might give their two offspring £20,000 each as a down-payment on a £200,000 flat and still have £160,000 left over. This has helped keep house prices moving upwards.

High Net Worth Individuals: Wealthy buy-to-let investors, city bankers with big bonuses to invest and institutions re-balancing their portfolios with more property investment have fueled asset price growth - this seems unlikely to stop in the short to medium term. The start of REITs plus certain property related SIPPs investments have also helped fuel asset growth.

Track Record: Property prices have risen on average 8% a year in the last 100 years - anyone keeping gearing to 80% during this period would have seen a return on equity of some 40% a year. Property is about the only investment the average person understands - most people make property purchases and hence one can consider all these people as property investors. It's tough to find a simpler way of achieving high returns than to invest in property given some good research to determine the right property, in the right place, bought at the right price at the right time.

A crash looks unlikely though it can never be ruled out completely.

South Africa - property investing

The PropertyInvesting.net team visited South Africa to provide some insights for our visitors. Starting with the Cape Town area - it's absolutely beautiful. Dramatic scenery, lovely beaches, history, culture, low prices, a growing economy and amazing "Mediterranean" climate - similar to central Italy. Only problem is the crime - you have to "watch your back" and "don't be too trusting". As we have described before, the retiring babyboomers with high net worth will be looking for select properties with sea views, sun, sand, sailing, scenery. Most of the British at Cape Town airport seem to be over 55 years of age.

You have all this on the coast road from Cape Town through to Sea Point, Cliftonville, Bantry Bay, Camps Bay, Llandudno to Hout Bay. Camps Bay - Bantry Bay are the closest you will get to the St Tropez of Africa - the best beach front penthouses now sell for £1 million. Cape Town harbour is rapidly developing with nice marina, shops and restaurants - and good maritime history. The St Clements area suburb of Cape Town has big executive houses with good security - these make popular long term corporate rentals. Most living costs are half what they are in the UK - no sign of this changing. Hout Bay is a more family oriented alternative residential area and is definitely up and coming - some new select gated developments are being built, the town does have a growing Township of squatters. Further south along the dramatic coastline is Hoek Bay - a rather Bohemian place frequented by surfers - definitely up and coming. Likely to become more mainstream and popular in the next ten years.

The economics of South Africa are less compelling - GDP growth of 3% is not stellar by any means. The Rand has dropped from 10 to 14 to the pound - this despite metal prices booming. It's still difficult to take Rand out of the country. Commissions on property sales are high - like in Spain. Manufacturing centred in Johannesburg is doing well, but they have to compete with India and China, so the longer term outlook may not be so good. The crime problems don't seem to be getting any better. So South Africa is not without its risks though any property investor visiting Cape Town and seeing Table Mountain, the Seven Apostles and all the beautiful beaches, wildlife, wineries, sun, sand, sea, scenery and culture will feel like buying a property.

Prices rose the strongest in Pretoria last year - 45% in some areas. This area used to be one large Township - now many locals have jobs in manufacturing, mining and land and property prices have risen accordingly. Not for the average investor but for the more adventurous - could be with considering. In the Cape Town area, prices rose about 16% and are expected to rise by a further 7% this year.

Other developing cities are Durban on the east coast and Johannesburg the capital and main financial centre - crime is still a big problem, so research is important.

Prices have started to flatten off now - so the big boom has ended - if you invest in South Africa, it will undoubtedly be a bet on the strength of the Rand. And any hike in oil price will hit the country hard - or tax on airline fares in view of the distance from Europe, Asia and USA.

But the Football World Cup in 2010 will likely boost prices in the main cities - Cape Town will see a big new stadium being built about 1 mile south-east of the harbour / marina - properties close to the action are likely to see values rise at a higher rate than the average area.

Sick of Tenants - Buy Some Land

Most Buy-to-Let investors never intended to become professional Landlords - they only got tenants in to help pay the mortgage. Tenants, like all other human beings, can be difficult to manage - one reason is, one cannot control them - they can be unreliable, or worse, dishonest and untrustworthy. They may even damage your property - at the extreme on purpose. The stress of managing tenants has led many a buy-to-let landlord to consider selling up.

If you want an easier life, you might consider selling up and buying land. The great thing about land is - you don't need a tenant, unless you decide to rent to a farmer that is. If it's a building plot, you don't need to do anything with it - a fence is all you need - even if the fence breaks, you might not need to fix it. The big problem is - you cannot leverage up your money like you can with buy-to-let property. Often, you won't get more than 50% loan to value, or less. And you are not likely to get any rent - even if you do - it will be very low (unless you make it into a temporary car parking).

The trick with land is getting a parcel of land that leverages you into a strong position. An example is, a parcel wedged between two larger plots that you have intelligence that a property developer needs to kick-start a major development. This is a so called "strategy plot". If you purchase it, you may be able to flip it quickly to the developer for a healthy profit.

We know of someone who became a millionaire from spotting a steep plot on the side of a road in Cornwall - it was completely overlooked - but he managed to get planning permission for a block of flats - the plot looked out over the sea - a developer bought it from him. He made a 1000% return on investment.

The key thing about land is - spotting an opportunity preferably one that no one else has spotted - and when you have spotted it - securing an option on it. Many land deals break down because the land owner either distrusts the purchaser or likes the idea of selling it then goes to someone else for a higher price or better terms. Land is a very emotional asset - many land owners have had land in their family for years - they like to stay in control and do not like to lose control during the deal making process. So how you relate to the land owner is particularly important. We suggest you give references to prove you are trustworthy - if you are acting for a company, this may help. If it's a well known land company, even better. But land deals are also open to individuals - and you'll have to try and learn as you go how best to treat each land owner.

Some will want to spend lots of time building a relationship before doing a deal - others will work faster but may take their impression on their first encounter with you. It's a tough business line - but the rewards are tremendous. It will take much time, scouting for land, knocking on doors, having meetings, persuading owners why they should sell to you. You might scout and identify 1000 plots of land, approach 100 owners and get a meeting with 5 of them. Only two might lead to options on a plot of land and one to an actual sale. If you like certainty and not being rejected, it will not be for you. If you like to follow a system, like making cold calls, investigating ownership, are highly motivated and do not mind being told to walk, it could be just the business. It's possible to do the job whilst working full time, but visiting people during normal office hours is most common - so you might struggle if you have a full time job.

Be aware, any piece if land is a potential value creating opportunity. If you envisage you can purchase at below market value, quickly add value (e.g. by gaining planning permission), and the plot is marketable, then you will make the biggest profit. Don't expect to make any money buying a remote piece of Scottish Highland. But if you buy a 2 acre agricultural plot next to an intersection on the M25, then get planning permission for commercial development, you might make £2 million in six months. If you buy a ½ acre plot in SE England for £20,000 without planning permission, then gain planning permission for a 4 bedroom detached executive house, the land will be worth around £180,000 - a £160,000 gain in six months.

London - the Olympic Effect

Prices have risen up to 25% since the Olympics was announced in July 2005 in many of the areas close to the Stratford Olympic site. Interestingly, Stratford itself has not performed so well - only a 12% increase. This is probably because prices have already risen from £30,000 in 1992 to £180,000 in 2007 for a 1 bedroom flat, so the differential between a west London flat and east London flat is not that high anymore. The best performing areas have been Leytonstone and parts of Hackney - probably because of the good stock of Victorian properties.

You can still purchase a 3 bedroom Victorian terrace in Forest Gate for £300,000 (with unconverted lofts) - this would sell for £600,000 in an average area in west London (e.g. Acton, Earlsfield). If you are looking for a Victorian property close to Stratford Station, it will be hard to find. There is a nice enclave about ½ mile south-east called by local agents "Stratford Village" where a fairly small 3 bedroom terrace will cost about £350,000 - but there's normally a waiting list and these properties don't seem to come readily onto the market. They benefit from being on the edge of Ham Park, ½ mile to the tube and ¾ mile to the new High Speed One station, due to open next year (Paris about 2 ¼ hours away, Brussels about 2¾ hours away). You'll never have any problems renting such a property. Much of Stratford is bleak and some parts look like a building site - this could also explain why prices are slow to rise. Take a look at Hackney Wick - this is a beautiful Victorian area with a village feel with excellent road communication and only 2/3 of a mile to the new Stratford International station. The southern fringes of Leytonstone and Wanstead Flats have some nice big Victorian houses - which will be very popular in years to come with West Londoners who settle in the East after improvements in communications and after the Olympic park is built - some £5 billion of investment is expected, along with £2 billion on the retail and office complex around the next Stratford International Station.

Other areas which will do well are Bow - equidistant from Stratford, Docklands and the City. Limehouse basin - the upmarket marina area half way between the Canary Wharf and the City will also benefit. Canning Town and Silvertown, two rather bleak 1960s housing estates have excellent communications and crime levels are dropping - worth considering for higher yield higher risk property investment. Plaistow and West Ham are also close to Stratford, they are cheaper and most areas are a bit down-at-heel but regeneration has been taking place for years - the areas will benefit from close proximity to the Olympic Park down the Lower Lees Valley and from being only 1½ miles from Stratford International Station.

Other areas worth considering are Woolwich which will shortly get an extension to the Docklands Light Railway and New Cross Gate, Peckham, Brockley and Syndenham which will almost certainly get a new tube service by about 2011 - the long awaited East London Line extension - which will whisk commuters to Wimbledon, Croydon and Hackney via the City. A new station is planned at the intersection on Surrey Canal Road (next to the incinerator) just north of New Cross Gate.

Finally, it's difficult to see house prices in London dropping because of the 800,000 people arriving in the next ten years, not enough homes being built, GDP growth of 4%, earnings growth of well over 5% for banking/ services staff, the Olympic effect and London preeminence as a global financial centre - Middle East and Asian investments will help banking and property in London and the general economy. The Government and Bank of England would not allow London house prices to crash because this would imply prices in the north and midlands would melt-down. The bank would react by dropping interest rates - unless inflation ran way out of control - something that currently seems unlikely to happen.

USA - what about the crash? - any value left?

Doom-mongers have been predicting a property crash in the USA for some time. However, if you look at the price of US real estate, it does not seem particularly high compared with Europe and even some parts of Asia. Although some areas have dropped slightly, there are no signs of a crash. The USA economy is huge - the country has massive natural resources - coal in abundance, land, forests, water, oil and gas and vast agricultural areas using the latest technology. Jobs growth is strong - particularly in non manufacturing areas. Meanwhile, the country is quick to adopt innovation in most technologies (automobile industry being an exception). The population was 150 million in 1950, is now 300,000 and will rise to 450,000 by 2050. Okay, the balance of payments deficit is not good - but that's been a problem since Ronald Reagan's time. Serious crime rates gave dropped by half in most areas in the last 15 years. Interest rates have shot up from about 1% to 5% in three years so it's little wonder house price growth has stalled.

But GDP growth is still a healthy at 3% and although inflation is rather higher than Bernacker would like, it seems to be fairly well under control. It looks like the USA may be close to the top of its interest rate cycle - the dollar will likely decline further against the Euro and Yen, particularly if rates drop soon. The USA is no longer the global growth engine - this mantle has passed to China. It's still the most important economy in the world, but China and India will catch up in the next 20 years. The aging babyboomers will be heading to the sun for retirement - pulling on the pensions which will become particularly disruptive in 2016 (pensioners will be forced to pull on their investments). Its global leadership in finance is being strongly challenged by London - 7% of business moved from Wall Street to London in the last three years after Sabine-Oxley and closer regulation has encouraged hedge funds and private equity to move to London's more liberal regulatory environment.

For the international property investor, it's now more difficult to see value in property investment in the USA. One can envisage prices staying flat or rising slowly, but with the dollar falling against the Euro and Sterling. Coastal areas of the western Florida pan-handle still look good value - they also tend to avoid the worst of the hurricanes.

The rapid population growth in Florida, shortage of land and increasing environmental constraints along with all those retiring babyboomers from NE USA will likely lead to higher prices in Florida in the coming years. Increasing tourism will also help cities like Orlando and Miami particularly if there are no big punitive taxes on flying (ref: climate change).

For more on US Property Investment - refer to our Special Report: US Property Investment - Advice and Insights - written some time ago, but still relevant.

Concluding Remarks

We hope your New Year has started well and